Urology is a branch of medicine which deal with disease of the male and female urinary tract and the male reproductive organs. The following are the main areas of urological practice.

• Stones of the urinary tract viz. kidney, ureter, bladder
• Cancers of the urinary tract viz. kidney, bladder, prostate, testis
• Disorders of voiding or urodynamics. Prostatic disease is a common cause of this in man above the age of 55 years
• Female urology e.g. urinary incontinence
• Congenital disorders e.g. hypospadias, undescended testis, reflux
• Male subfertility
• Sexual dysfunction
• Kidney transplantation
• Surgical access for dialysis
• Infections of the urinary tract